Cash transactions are operations involving cash: its receipt, disbursement, counting, sorting, packaging, and storage. For an accountant in Kazakhstan, handling cash means not only recording receipts and payments in the accounts, but also properly documenting each transaction. In 2026, it is important to distinguish between the organization's own cash transactions, the use of a cash register for monetary settlements, and transactions conducted by the servicing bank: the special rules of the National Bank set out below directly regulate the operation of bank cash offices.
Conducting and Accounting for Cash Transactions
Accounting for cash transactions must make it possible to trace the movement of cash from the source document through to its recording in the accounting system. To achieve this, an organization needs a consistent internal process:
- designate employees responsible for receiving, disbursing, and safeguarding cash;
- document cash receipts and expenditures using the appropriate source documents;
- verify the amount, purpose of payment, date, and details of the transaction participant;
- record cash movements in the accounting records in a timely manner;
- reconcile documents, accounting entries, and the actual cash balance;
- retain supporting documentation for transactions in accordance with the procedure established by the organization.
Accounting for cash transactions should not be reduced solely to entering accounting entries. An error in the source document may carry over into accounting registers, financial statements, and reconciliation results. It is therefore useful for the accountant to establish a two-stage control process: first verify the basis and documentation of the transaction, and then verify that it has been correctly recorded in the software.
For monetary settlements in Kazakhstan, a cash register with a data recording and/or transmission function must be used, provided its model is included in the register of cash registers, except for expressly stipulated exemptions. In locations without a public telecommunications network, the taxpayer uses a cash register without data transmission (Article 110 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
Settlement and cash transactions conducted through a bank constitute a separate area. A bank receives cash from and disburses cash to customers for banking and other operations provided for by Article 22 of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Banks and Banking Activities in the Republic of Kazakhstan.” Paragraph 3 of the banking Rules also classifies the breaking down, exchange, counting, sorting, packaging, and storage of cash as cash transactions. Second-tier banks are exempt from using cash registers (Article 110 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
Documentation of Cash Transactions
Cash transaction documents must show who transferred or received cash, when, on what basis, and in what amount. The specific set of documents used within a company should be determined with regard to the nature of the transaction, its accounting policy, and applicable requirements. An internal cash document must not be replaced with a bank document or cash register receipt: these documents confirm different circumstances of the transaction.
When using a cash register, it must be registered with the tax authority before commencing activities involving monetary settlements. The customer must be issued a cash register receipt for the amount paid for goods sold, work performed, or services rendered, or a sales receipt in the case provided for by tax legislation. The organization must also provide tax authority officials with access to the cash register (Article 111 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
For accepting cash at a bank, paragraph 17 of the Rules specifies two cash receipt documents: a cash deposit slip and a cash receipt order. According to paragraph 18, the bank establishes the form of such a document independently, but it must contain the mandatory details. These include the document name and number, date of preparation, customer details, amount in figures and words, purpose of the funds, bank details, as well as the details and signatures of the cash office employee and the customer.
When accepting money, the cash office employee identifies the customer, verifies the cash for authenticity and fitness for circulation, compares the actual amount with the document, signs it, and issues confirmation of the completed transaction. Paragraph 20 stipulates that acceptance and counting must be performed in the customer's presence.
Cash disbursement by a bank is governed by paragraphs 29–31 of the Rules. It is based on a cheque or cash disbursement order. The cash disbursement document specifies the number and date, customer and bank details, amount in figures and words, purpose of the disbursement, details of the cash office employee, and signatures of the parties.
For a legal entity or individual entrepreneur, paragraph 29 requires an application for cash withdrawal to be submitted no later than one business day before disbursement, in accordance with the procedure established by the bank's internal documents. If the required amount is already available at the cash office, the bank may disburse it on the day of the request without an application.
Control Rules and Working in 1C
It is best to establish the rules for conducting cash transactions within the organization in a clear sequence. Before processing a payment, the accountant verifies the basis, the participant's authority, and the document details. When receiving or disbursing cash, the accountant records the amount actually transferred. After the transaction, the accountant records it in the accounting system and links the entry to the source document. The accountant then reconciles turnover and the balance.
When working with cash transactions in 1C, it is important to use documents that correspond to the actual economic event rather than selecting a form solely to produce the desired accounting entry. The names of sections, commands, and documents may depend on the software configuration and version, so the specific procedure should be determined in the information database being used, taking its release into account.
Practical controls in 1C may include:
- checking the date, organization, cash office, and transaction type;
- entering the counterparty or accountable person's details when required by the nature of the transaction;
- specifying the purpose of payment and supporting document;
- checking the amount before posting the document;
- reviewing the generated accounting entries;
- reconciling the electronic document with the paper or electronic source document.
Bank cash transactions have their own procedure. Under paragraph 4 of the Rules, a bank may conduct them in accordance with its schedule on business days, weekends, and non-working public holidays. A company should therefore confirm the cash office's operating hours and the procedure for ordering cash directly with its servicing bank in advance.
Frequently Asked Questions
What constitutes a bank's cash transactions? — Paragraph 3 of the Rules classifies the receipt and disbursement of cash, breaking down, exchange, counting, sorting, packaging, and storage of money as cash transactions.
When is a cash register required for settlements? — Monetary settlements in Kazakhstan must be conducted using a cash register with a data recording and/or transmission function unless an exemption is established by tax legislation (Article 110 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
What must be issued to the customer when settling through a cash register? — A cash register receipt must be issued for the amount paid, or a sales receipt in the case provided for by tax legislation (Article 111 of the Tax Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
What documents are used when depositing cash with a bank? — According to paragraph 17 of the Rules, cash is accepted on the basis of a cash deposit slip or cash receipt order.
What document is used by a bank to formalize a cash disbursement? — Paragraph 29 provides for a cheque or cash disbursement order. For legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, a prior application is also required under the bank's internal rules, except when cash is disbursed on the day of the request if the required amount is available at the cash office.
Can cash be withdrawn from a bank on the day of the request? — Yes, if the required amount is available at the cash office: paragraph 29 allows cash to be disbursed to a legal entity or individual entrepreneur on the day of the request without a prior application.
How should cash transactions be recorded in 1C? — The document must be selected based on the actual substance of the transaction, all details must be completed, the generated entries must be checked and reconciled with the source documents. The exact procedure depends on the 1C configuration and version.